Epidemio-Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases in a Cardiology Department in Mali

Toure Mamadou; Thiam Coumba Adiaratou; Fofana Daouda; Sankare Hamma; Dagnogo Mariam; Traore Ousmane; Yalcoue Djamila; Guire Sadik Mahamat; Sidibe Samba; Diall Mahan Ameri; Sow Mady; Cisse Almadane; Keita Asmaou; Daffe Sanoussy; Konate Massama; Coulibaly Souleymane; Menta Ichaka

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14

Research Article |

Epidemio-Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases in a Cardiology Department in Mali

Toure Mamadou^*, Thiam Coumba Adiaratou, Fofana Daouda, Sankare Hamma, Dagnogo Mariam, Traore Ousmane, Yalcoue Djamila, Guire Sadik Mahamat, Sidibe Samba, Diall Mahan Ameri, Sow Mady, Cisse Almadane, Keita Asmaou, Daffe Sanoussy, Konate Massama, Coulibaly Souleymane, Menta Ichaka

Published in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 6 May 2024 Accepted: 21 May 2024 Published: 30 May 2024

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Abstract

Introduction: Venous thromboembolic diseases (VTED) include deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs and pulmonary embolism (PE), which is its severe form due to its high mortality. The objective of our study was to determine the epidemio-clinical and paraclinical aspects of patients hospitalized for venous thromboembolic diseases. Patients and method: Cross-sectional study with prospective recruitment from patient records hospitalized for (VTED) from January to December 2023 in the cardiology department of the Mother-Child University Hospital in Bamako, Luxembourg. Results: We collected 55 out of 580 patient records hospitalized for (VTED), a hospital frequency of 9.48%. PE accounted for 58.20% of cases, 10.90% for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and 30.90% for their association. The mean age of patients was 55.56 years ± 15.52 years. The majority of patients, 90%, were under 66 years of age. The predominance was female, 56%. In lower extremity DVT, calf pain and Homans' sign were present in 56% and 24% of patients. In pulmonary embolism, dyspnea and chest pain were present in 85.50% and 65.50% of patients. Etiological factors were dominated by neoplasia in 10.90%, contraception 5.45% and orthopedic surgery in 5.45% of cases. Cardiovascular risk factors were a sedentary lifestyle (50.90%), obesity (34.45%), high blood pressure (36.36%) and diabetes (21.81%). Laboratory abnormalities were elevation of troponin (46.87%), BNP (40.62%), D-Dimer (62.50%) and anemia (9.09%). Electrocardiographic abnormalities were tachycardia in 65.4% and S1Q3 in 21.81% of patients. Echocardiography showed dilation of the right cavities (47.27%), systolic pulmonary arterial hypertension (38.18%) and thrombus in the right cavitary (5.45%). On thoracic CT angiography, PE was proximal (36.40%), bilateral (61.80%) and massive (29.10%). On venous Doppler ultrasound, TVP was proximal in 65.21%. Conclusion: VETD was more common in women and younger subjects.

Published in	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14
Page(s)	73-77
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Thromboembolic Diseases, Epidemiology, Clinical, Paraclinical, Mali

1. Introduction

Venous thromboembolic disease (VTED) includes deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremity and pulmonary embolism

[1, 2]

. Venous thromboembolic disease is a serious disease with significant morbidity and mortality. In 2004, 370,000 deaths were attributed to VTE in 6 European countries

[3]

. In sub-Saharan Africa, they are underdiagnosed because of clinical polymorphism, hence the initiative of this work, which is set as an objective.

2. Patients and Method

This is a cross-sectional study with prospective recruitment over a period of one year, from January to December 2023, carried out in the cardiology department of the Mother-Child University Hospital in Bamako, Luxembourg. All patients of both sexes and of all ages hospitalized in the VTE department confirmed by CT angiography of the pulmonary arteries and/or venous Doppler ultrasound of the lower extremities were included. Information was collected for each patient on a card. The diagnosis of VTE was based on clinical evidence, Wells Clinical Probability (DVT) and Revised Geneva (EP) Clinical Probability Scores, and data from venous lower extremity Doppler ultrasound and CT angiography of the pulmonary arteries. Sociodemographic characteristics of patients, etiological factors of VTE (cancer, recent surgery, especially orthopedic surgery, contraception, prolonged bed rest, postpartum), cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, smoking, dyslipidemia, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, heredity) were sought. Data were entered on Word 2016 and Excel 2007 and analyzed on SPSS version 22. Confidentiality was respected and data processing was anonymous.

3. Results

We collected 55 out of 580 patient records hospitalized for VTE, i.e. a hospital frequency of 9.48%. PE accounted for 58.20% of cases, 10.90% for DVT, and 30.90% for their association (Figure 1). The mean age of patients was 55.56 years ± 15.52 years. The majority of patients, 90%, were under 66 years of age. The predominance was female, 56%. In lower extremity DVT, calf pain and Homans' sign were present in 56% and 24% of patients. In pulmonary embolism, dyspnea and chest pain were present in 85.50% and 65.50% of patients. Etiological factors were dominated by neoplasia in 10.90%, contraception 5.45% and orthopedic surgery in 5.45% of cases. Cardiovascular risk factors were physical inactivity (50.90%), obesity (34.45%), hypertension (36.36%) and diabetes (21.81%) (Table 1). Laboratory abnormalities were elevation of troponin (46.87%), BNP (40.62%), D-Dimer (62.50%) and anemia (9.09%). Electrocardiographic abnormalities were tachycardia in 65.4% and S1Q3 in 21.81% of patients. Echocardiography showed dilation of the right cavities (47.27%), systolic pulmonary arterial hypertension (38.18%) and thrombus in the right Right cavitary (5.45%). On thoracic CT angiography, PE was proximal (36.40%), bilateral (61.80%) and massive (29.10%). On venous Doppler ultrasound, DVT was proximal in 65.21% (Table 2).

Table 1. CV risk factors and etiological Factors.

CV risk factor and Etiological Factors	Number	%
High blood pressure	20	36,36
Diabetes	12	21,81
Dyslipidemia	4	7,27
TOBACCO	7	12,72
Obesity	19	34,45
Sedentary lifestyle	28	50,90
History of DVT	2	3,63
History of PE	4	7,27
CANCER	6	10,90
Pregnancy or postpartum	2	3,63
Contraception	3	5,45
Orthopedic surgery	3	5,45
Table II: Paraclinical data

Table 2. CV risk factor and Etiological Factors of VTE.

Para-clinical data		Number	%
Biology n = 32	D-Dimer	20	62,50
	Troponins	15	46,87
	NPP	13	40,62
ECG n=55	Tachycardia	36	65,45
	S1Q3	12	21,81
	BBD	3	5,45
	FA	1	1,81
	Negative T Waves V1-V4	4	7,27
Cardiac Doppler Echo n= 55	Right-hand cavity expansion	26	47,27
	PAH	21	38,18
	Intracavitary thrombus	3	5,45
	VCI Expansion	6	10,90
Venous Doppler ultrasound n=23	Proximal DVT	15	65,21
Venous Doppler ultrasound n=23	Distal DVT	8	34,78
CT angiography of pulmonary arteries n= 30	Proximal PE	17	56,66
	Distal PE	19	43,33
	Unilateral PE	11	36,66
	Bilateral PE	19	63,33
	Massive PE	8	26,66

Download: Download full-size image

Figure 1. Type VTED.

4. Discussion

The hospital frequency of VTED in the study was 9.48%, close to Damorou's 9.1%

[4]

, higher than Owono's 1.6%

[5]

, Igun's 3.80%

[6]

, and Coulibaly's 4.95%

[7]

, but lower than Thiam's 26%

[8]

. The distribution of VTED was 58.20% isolated pulmonary embolism, 10.90% isolated deep vein thrombosis and their association of 30.90%, the same observation made by Coulibaly

[7]

and Thiam

[8]

in disagreement with Mbaye

[9]

, Nourelhouda and Simeni

[10, 11]

who found the predominance of DVT with 66.7% and 49.5% respectively. The mean age of our patients was 52.9 ± 16.4 years with extremes of 29 and 80 years in agreement with the literature

[7, 8, 9]

The predominance was female, superimposed on the rest of the literature

[4]	Findibe Damorou, Soodougoua Baragou, Machihuede Pio, Yaovi M Afassinou, N'kenon W N'da, Soulemane Pessinaba, Tchaa Tchérou, Halé Attiogbé, Koffi Ehlan, Edem Goeh-Akue, et Komlavi Yayehd. Morbidité et mortalité hospitalière des maladies cardiovasculaires en milieu tropical: exemple d'un centre hospitalier à Lomé (Togo). [Hospital morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases in tropical environments: example of a hospital in Lomé (Togo)]. Pan Afr Med J 2014; 17: 62. Publication en ligne 2014 janv. 26. French. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2014.17.62.2237 View Article
[7]	Coulibaly S, Menta I, Diall IB, Ba HO, Diakité M, Sidibé S, Diallo N, Kodio A, Traoré S, Kané K, Sidibé S, Touré K, Camara Y, Konaté M, Kéita A, Thiam CA, Diallo B. Maladie thromboembolique veineuse dans un-CHU de Bamako. [Venous thromboembolic disease in a University Hospital in Bamako] Health Sci. Dis: Vol 19 (2) April – May – June 2018 Available at https://www.hsd-fmsb.org/index.php/hsd/article/view/1026 View Article
[8]	Thiam A., Tindano C., Kologo J., Millogo GR., Yaméogo NV., Kagambega LJ., Samadoulougou AK., Zabsonré P. Maladie thromboembolique veineuse au Burkina Faso. Résultats préliminaires du registre prospectif REMAVET. [Preliminary results of the REMAVET prospective register]. Livre des résumés des 5èmes journées scientifiques de la SOCARB 2015.
[9]	Mbaye A., Dioum M., Ngaïdé AA., Diop A., Leye M. C. B. O., Ka M. M., Kouamé I., Ndiaye M., Cissé AF., Dieng M., Faye MO., Dia S., Babaka K., Aw F., SA. S: La maladie thrombo-embolique veineuse: prévalence, facteurs étiologiques et prise en charge en service de cardiologie à Dakar au Sénégal. [Venous thromboembolic disease: prevalence, etiological factors and management in the cardiology department in Dakar, Senegal.] Angéiologie 2016; 68(3): 47-53.
[12]	Camara Y, Bâ HO, Sangaré I, Sidibé N, Thiam ep Doumbia C, Keita ep Maiga A. et al, Maladie thromboembolique: aspects épidémio-cliniques et thérapeutiques au CHU de Kati. [Thromboembolic disease: epidemio-clinical and therapeutic aspects at the Kati University Hospital] Health Sci. Dis: Vol 22 (4) April 2022 pp 86-89 Available free at https://www.hsd-fmsb.org/index.php/hsd/article/view/3547 View Article

[4, 7, 8, 9, 12,]

. The cardiovascular risk factors found were a sedentary lifestyle (50.90%), obesity (50.90%), high blood pressure (36.36%) and diabetes (21.81%) in agreement with Owono and Ondze-Kafata

[13]

, while Diall found in his series arterial hypertension and heart disease

[14]

. For Diedhiou

[15]

, it was mainly heart failure. The classic etiological factors of VTED were cancer (10.90%), orthopedic surgery (5.45%) and contraception (5,45%). In his series Camara

[12]

, found 5.6% cancer and 24.1% recent surgery. For Coulibaly

[7]

, cancer was 16.10% and recent surgery 11.50%. Functional signs in pulmonary embolism were dominated by dyspnea (85.50%) and chest pain (65.50%) in agreement with Damorou

[4]

. which found 98% and 78.4% respectively. For lower extremity DVT, the clinic was dominated by calf pain (56%) and a positive Homans sign (24%), in agreement with Diedhiou

[15]

. In our study, the biological abnormalities were elevation of troponin (46.87%), BNP (40.62%), D-Dimer (62.50%) and anemia (9.09%). Coulibaly

[7]

in his series found an elevation of D-Dimer (100%) of patients and anemia (34.34%). This difference can be explained by the non-systematization of the determination of D-Dimer in our study. Tachycardia (65.45%) and an S1Q3 appearance (21.81%) were the most common electrocardiographic abnormalities in agreement with Camara

[12]

. On transthoracic echocardiogram and in agreement with Damorou

[4]

, Coulibaly

[7]

, right cavitary dilation (47.27%) and PAH (38.18%) were the frequent abnormalities. Venous Doppler ultrasound of the lower limbs found DVT of the lower limbs in 41.81% of cases and it was proximal in the majority of cases (65.21%). In the Camara

[12]

series of lower extremity DVT was proximal in 56.50% of cases. On CT angiography of the pulmonary arteries, PE was bilateral in 63.33% of cases and proximal in 56.66%s close to MBaye

[9]

data which found bilateral PE in 74% and proximal in 50% of cases. On the other hand, for Camara

[12]

, the PE was proximal and distal with 50% each. The embolism was massive in 26.66% of our patients lower than the 33.3% of Camara

[12]

5. Conclusion

Venous thromboembolic diseases are relatively common but underdiagnosed. The predominance was female and affected more subjects under 65 years of age. The classic functional signs were found, namely dyspnea, chest pain and calf pain. The contributing factors were a sedentary lifestyle, obesity and a history of cancer. Proximal and bilateral pulmonary embolism were the most common CT abnormalities and deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs was proximal in more than half of the cases to venous Doppler of the lower limbs.

6. Limitations of the Study

Single-center study, sample size limit, non-randomization.

Abbreviations

VTED	Venous Thromboembolic Disease
PE	Pulmonary Embolism
DVT	Deep Vein Thrombosis
PAH	Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
BNP	Brun Natriuretic Peptide
MI	Lower Extremities
BBD	Right Branch Block
IVC	Inferior Vena Cava

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

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[2]	Emmerich J. – Fréquence et facteurs de risque de la maladie veineuse thromboembolique [Frequency and risk factors for throm-boembolic venous disease]. La Revue du Praticien 2003; 53, 1: 14-19.
[3]	Cohen AT, Agnelli G, Anderson FA, et al. Venous thromboembo lism (VTE) in Europe. The number of VTE events and associated morbidity and mortality. Thromb Haemost 2007; 98: 756-64.
[4]	Findibe Damorou, Soodougoua Baragou, Machihuede Pio, Yaovi M Afassinou, N'kenon W N'da, Soulemane Pessinaba, Tchaa Tchérou, Halé Attiogbé, Koffi Ehlan, Edem Goeh-Akue, et Komlavi Yayehd. Morbidité et mortalité hospitalière des maladies cardiovasculaires en milieu tropical: exemple d'un centre hospitalier à Lomé (Togo). [Hospital morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases in tropical environments: example of a hospital in Lomé (Togo)]. Pan Afr Med J 2014; 17: 62. Publication en ligne 2014 janv. 26. French. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2014.17.62.2237
[5]	Owono Etoundi P, Esiéne A, Bengono Bengono R, Amengle L, Afane Ela A, Ze Minkande J. La Maladie Thromboembolique Veineuse. Aspects Épidémiologiques et Facteurs de Risque dans un Hôpital Camerounais. [Venous thromboembolic disease. Epidemiological Aspects and Risk Factors in a Cameroonian Hospital] Health Sci. Dis 2015; 16 (4): 1-4.
[6]	Igun G. A 10-year review of venous thrombo-embolism in surgical patients seen in Jos, Nigeria. Niger Prostgrad Med J 2001; 8(2): 69-73.
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[8]	Thiam A., Tindano C., Kologo J., Millogo GR., Yaméogo NV., Kagambega LJ., Samadoulougou AK., Zabsonré P. Maladie thromboembolique veineuse au Burkina Faso. Résultats préliminaires du registre prospectif REMAVET. [Preliminary results of the REMAVET prospective register]. Livre des résumés des 5èmes journées scientifiques de la SOCARB 2015.
[9]	Mbaye A., Dioum M., Ngaïdé AA., Diop A., Leye M. C. B. O., Ka M. M., Kouamé I., Ndiaye M., Cissé AF., Dieng M., Faye MO., Dia S., Babaka K., Aw F., SA. S: La maladie thrombo-embolique veineuse: prévalence, facteurs étiologiques et prise en charge en service de cardiologie à Dakar au Sénégal. [Venous thromboembolic disease: prevalence, etiological factors and management in the cardiology department in Dakar, Senegal.] Angéiologie 2016; 68(3): 47-53.
[10]	Nourelhouda C, Abbassia D. Maladie thromboembolique veineuse dans la région de Sidi Bel Abbes, Algérie: fréquence et facteurs de risque. [Venous thromboembolic disease in the Sidi Bel Abbes region, Algeria: frequency and risk factors] Pan Afr Med J 2013; 16: 45. Publication en ligne 2013 oct. 10. French. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2013.16.45.2620
[11]	Simeni Njonnou. S. R, Nganou Gnindjio. C. N, Ba. H, Boombhi. J, Ahmadou Musa. J, Kuate. M. L, Pefura. Y. E. W, Menanga. A. P, Kingue. S: Épidémiologie de le maladie veineuse thromboembolique à Yaoundé: étude transversale en Afrique subsaharienne. [Epidemiology of thromboembolic venous disease in Yaoundé: a cross-sectional study in sub-Saharan Africa] La Revue de Médecine Interne 2019; 40 (supp 1): A186.10.
[12]	Camara Y, Bâ HO, Sangaré I, Sidibé N, Thiam ep Doumbia C, Keita ep Maiga A. et al, Maladie thromboembolique: aspects épidémio-cliniques et thérapeutiques au CHU de Kati. [Thromboembolic disease: epidemio-clinical and therapeutic aspects at the Kati University Hospital] Health Sci. Dis: Vol 22 (4) April 2022 pp 86-89 Available free at https://www.hsd-fmsb.org/index.php/hsd/article/view/3547
[13]	Ondze-Kafata L. I., Kouala Landa C., Traore Kissima A., Loumouamou M., Bani M., Amounya Zobo S. et al – La thrombose veineuse des membres inférieurs à brazzaville: à propos de 44 cas. [Venous thrombosis of the lower limbs in Brazzaville: about 44 cases] Cardiologie Tropicale 2012; 135.
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[15]	Diedhiou D., Sarr A., Ndour-Mbaye N. M., Ka Cisse M., Diop S. N. – Phlébite des membres inférieurs en médecine interne. Aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et étiologiques. A propos de 40 cas dakarois [Phlebitis of the lower limbs in internal medicine. Epidemiological, clinical and etiological aspects. About 40 Dakar cases]. Médecine Afrique Noire 2012; 59, 3: 172-176.

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Mamadou, T., Adiaratou, T. C., Daouda, F., Hamma, S., Mariam, D., et al. (2024). Epidemio-Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases in a Cardiology Department in Mali. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research, 8(2), 73-77. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14

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Mamadou, T.; Adiaratou, T. C.; Daouda, F.; Hamma, S.; Mariam, D., et al. Epidemio-Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases in a Cardiology Department in Mali. Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Res. 2024, 8(2), 73-77. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14

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AMA Style

Mamadou T, Adiaratou TC, Daouda F, Hamma S, Mariam D, et al. Epidemio-Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases in a Cardiology Department in Mali. Cardiol Cardiovasc Res. 2024;8(2):73-77. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14,
  author = {Toure Mamadou and Thiam Coumba Adiaratou and Fofana Daouda and Sankare Hamma and Dagnogo Mariam and Traore Ousmane and Yalcoue Djamila and Guire Sadik Mahamat and Sidibe Samba and Diall Mahan Ameri and Sow Mady and Cisse Almadane and Keita Asmaou and Daffe Sanoussy and Konate Massama and Coulibaly Souleymane and Menta Ichaka},
  title = {Epidemio-Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases in a Cardiology Department in Mali
},
  journal = {Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {73-77},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ccr.20240802.14},
  abstract = {Introduction: Venous thromboembolic diseases (VTED) include deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs and pulmonary embolism (PE), which is its severe form due to its high mortality. The objective of our study was to determine the epidemio-clinical and paraclinical aspects of patients hospitalized for venous thromboembolic diseases. Patients and method: Cross-sectional study with prospective recruitment from patient records hospitalized for (VTED) from January to December 2023 in the cardiology department of the Mother-Child University Hospital in Bamako, Luxembourg. Results: We collected 55 out of 580 patient records hospitalized for (VTED), a hospital frequency of 9.48%. PE accounted for 58.20% of cases, 10.90% for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and 30.90% for their association. The mean age of patients was 55.56 years ± 15.52 years. The majority of patients, 90%, were under 66 years of age. The predominance was female, 56%. In lower extremity DVT, calf pain and Homans' sign were present in 56% and 24% of patients. In pulmonary embolism, dyspnea and chest pain were present in 85.50% and 65.50% of patients. Etiological factors were dominated by neoplasia in 10.90%, contraception 5.45% and orthopedic surgery in 5.45% of cases. Cardiovascular risk factors were a sedentary lifestyle (50.90%), obesity (34.45%), high blood pressure (36.36%) and diabetes (21.81%). Laboratory abnormalities were elevation of troponin (46.87%), BNP (40.62%), D-Dimer (62.50%) and anemia (9.09%). Electrocardiographic abnormalities were tachycardia in 65.4% and S1Q3 in 21.81% of patients. Echocardiography showed dilation of the right cavities (47.27%), systolic pulmonary arterial hypertension (38.18%) and thrombus in the right cavitary (5.45%). On thoracic CT angiography, PE was proximal (36.40%), bilateral (61.80%) and massive (29.10%). On venous Doppler ultrasound, TVP was proximal in 65.21%. Conclusion: VETD was more common in women and younger subjects.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Epidemio-Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases in a Cardiology Department in Mali

AU - Toure Mamadou
AU - Thiam Coumba Adiaratou
AU - Fofana Daouda
AU - Sankare Hamma
AU - Dagnogo Mariam
AU - Traore Ousmane
AU - Yalcoue Djamila
AU - Guire Sadik Mahamat
AU - Sidibe Samba
AU - Diall Mahan Ameri
AU - Sow Mady
AU - Cisse Almadane
AU - Keita Asmaou
AU - Daffe Sanoussy
AU - Konate Massama
AU - Coulibaly Souleymane
AU - Menta Ichaka
Y1 - 2024/05/30
PY - 2024
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14
DO - 10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14
T2 - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JF - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JO - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
SP - 73
EP - 77
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2578-8914
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14
AB - Introduction: Venous thromboembolic diseases (VTED) include deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs and pulmonary embolism (PE), which is its severe form due to its high mortality. The objective of our study was to determine the epidemio-clinical and paraclinical aspects of patients hospitalized for venous thromboembolic diseases. Patients and method: Cross-sectional study with prospective recruitment from patient records hospitalized for (VTED) from January to December 2023 in the cardiology department of the Mother-Child University Hospital in Bamako, Luxembourg. Results: We collected 55 out of 580 patient records hospitalized for (VTED), a hospital frequency of 9.48%. PE accounted for 58.20% of cases, 10.90% for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and 30.90% for their association. The mean age of patients was 55.56 years ± 15.52 years. The majority of patients, 90%, were under 66 years of age. The predominance was female, 56%. In lower extremity DVT, calf pain and Homans' sign were present in 56% and 24% of patients. In pulmonary embolism, dyspnea and chest pain were present in 85.50% and 65.50% of patients. Etiological factors were dominated by neoplasia in 10.90%, contraception 5.45% and orthopedic surgery in 5.45% of cases. Cardiovascular risk factors were a sedentary lifestyle (50.90%), obesity (34.45%), high blood pressure (36.36%) and diabetes (21.81%). Laboratory abnormalities were elevation of troponin (46.87%), BNP (40.62%), D-Dimer (62.50%) and anemia (9.09%). Electrocardiographic abnormalities were tachycardia in 65.4% and S1Q3 in 21.81% of patients. Echocardiography showed dilation of the right cavities (47.27%), systolic pulmonary arterial hypertension (38.18%) and thrombus in the right cavitary (5.45%). On thoracic CT angiography, PE was proximal (36.40%), bilateral (61.80%) and massive (29.10%). On venous Doppler ultrasound, TVP was proximal in 65.21%. Conclusion: VETD was more common in women and younger subjects.

VL - 8
IS - 2
ER -

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Author Information

Toure Mamadou

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali; Cardiology Department, CHU-Gabriel Touré, Bamako, Mali; Faculty of Medicine, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali

Contact Email
Thiam Coumba Adiaratou

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali; Cardiology Department, CHU-Gabriel Touré, Bamako, Mali

Contact Email
Fofana Daouda

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali

Contact Email
Sankare Hamma

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali
Dagnogo Mariam

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali
Traore Ousmane

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali
Yalcoue Djamila

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali
Guire Sadik Mahamat

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali
Sidibe Samba

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali
Diall Mahan Ameri

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali
Sow Mady

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali
Cisse Almadane

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali
Keita Asmaou

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali
Daffe Sanoussy

Cardiology Department, CHU-Mother Child, Bamako, Mali
Konate Massama

Faculty of Medicine, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
Coulibaly Souleymane

Faculty of Medicine, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Ardiology Department, CHU-Point G, Bamako, Mail
Menta Ichaka

Cardiology Department, CHU-Gabriel Touré, Bamako, Mali; Faculty of Medicine, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali

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Figure 1

Figure 1. Type VTED.

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APA Style

Mamadou, T., Adiaratou, T. C., Daouda, F., Hamma, S., Mariam, D., et al. (2024). Epidemio-Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases in a Cardiology Department in Mali. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research, 8(2), 73-77. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14

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ACS Style

Mamadou, T.; Adiaratou, T. C.; Daouda, F.; Hamma, S.; Mariam, D., et al. Epidemio-Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases in a Cardiology Department in Mali. Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Res. 2024, 8(2), 73-77. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14

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AMA Style

Mamadou T, Adiaratou TC, Daouda F, Hamma S, Mariam D, et al. Epidemio-Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases in a Cardiology Department in Mali. Cardiol Cardiovasc Res. 2024;8(2):73-77. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14,
  author = {Toure Mamadou and Thiam Coumba Adiaratou and Fofana Daouda and Sankare Hamma and Dagnogo Mariam and Traore Ousmane and Yalcoue Djamila and Guire Sadik Mahamat and Sidibe Samba and Diall Mahan Ameri and Sow Mady and Cisse Almadane and Keita Asmaou and Daffe Sanoussy and Konate Massama and Coulibaly Souleymane and Menta Ichaka},
  title = {Epidemio-Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases in a Cardiology Department in Mali
},
  journal = {Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {73-77},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20240802.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ccr.20240802.14},
  abstract = {Introduction: Venous thromboembolic diseases (VTED) include deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs and pulmonary embolism (PE), which is its severe form due to its high mortality. The objective of our study was to determine the epidemio-clinical and paraclinical aspects of patients hospitalized for venous thromboembolic diseases. Patients and method: Cross-sectional study with prospective recruitment from patient records hospitalized for (VTED) from January to December 2023 in the cardiology department of the Mother-Child University Hospital in Bamako, Luxembourg. Results: We collected 55 out of 580 patient records hospitalized for (VTED), a hospital frequency of 9.48%. PE accounted for 58.20% of cases, 10.90% for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and 30.90% for their association. The mean age of patients was 55.56 years ± 15.52 years. The majority of patients, 90%, were under 66 years of age. The predominance was female, 56%. In lower extremity DVT, calf pain and Homans' sign were present in 56% and 24% of patients. In pulmonary embolism, dyspnea and chest pain were present in 85.50% and 65.50% of patients. Etiological factors were dominated by neoplasia in 10.90%, contraception 5.45% and orthopedic surgery in 5.45% of cases. Cardiovascular risk factors were a sedentary lifestyle (50.90%), obesity (34.45%), high blood pressure (36.36%) and diabetes (21.81%). Laboratory abnormalities were elevation of troponin (46.87%), BNP (40.62%), D-Dimer (62.50%) and anemia (9.09%). Electrocardiographic abnormalities were tachycardia in 65.4% and S1Q3 in 21.81% of patients. Echocardiography showed dilation of the right cavities (47.27%), systolic pulmonary arterial hypertension (38.18%) and thrombus in the right cavitary (5.45%). On thoracic CT angiography, PE was proximal (36.40%), bilateral (61.80%) and massive (29.10%). On venous Doppler ultrasound, TVP was proximal in 65.21%. Conclusion: VETD was more common in women and younger subjects.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Epidemio-Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases in a Cardiology Department in Mali

VL - 8
IS - 2
ER -

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